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"Panhead" redirects here. For the dancehall deejay, see Pan Head.
Harley-Davidson Panhead engine at the Harley-Davidson Museum
Harley-Davidson panhead motor
Replicas of the Captain America bike and Billy Bike at the Harley-Davidson Museum in Milwaukee[1]

The Panhead is an overhead-valve Harley-Davidson motorcycle engine, so nicknamed because the rocker covers resembled cooking pans. The engine is a two-cylinder, two-valve-per-cylinder, pushrod V-twin, made in both 61 c.i. (EL) and 74 c.i. (FL, FLH) displacements. The Panhead engine replaced the Knucklehead engine in 1948 and was manufactured until 1965 when it was replaced by the Shovelhead.

As Harley-Davidson engines evolved, the distinctive shape of the rocker covers led Harley enthusiasts to recognise an engine simply by identifying the head, with names such as "Flathead", "Knucklehead", "Panhead", and "Shovelhead". In addition to factory models, Panhead engines became a popular choice for custom motorcycles during the rise of American chopper culture in the 1960s and 1970s, valued for their distinctive appearance and ease of modification.


As of 2024, a number of third-party engine manufacturers produce custom Panhead-style engines in a variety of bores, many much larger than the original-design displacements. Each manufacturer upgrades the original design to improve performance and reliability, while preserving the classic styling and overall engine structure.[citation needed]

The "Captain America" chopper used by Peter Fonda in the movie Easy Rider (1969) had a Panhead engine, as did the "Billy Bike" ridden by Dennis Hopper's character.[2]

See also

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Notes

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  1. ^ Custom Culture, Harley-Davidson Museum, 2012, archived from the original on 2012-04-15
  2. ^ Wasef, Basem; Leno, Jay (2007), Legendary Motorcycles: The Stories and Bikes Made Famous by Elvis, Peter Fonda, Kenny Roberts and Other Motorcycling Greats, MotorBooks International, pp. 47–52, ISBN 0-7603-3070-0, retrieved 2011-08-29
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Harley-Davidson FL

basic FL model would occur in 1965, the final year of the "Panhead" engines. These last Panheads were the first "Big Twin" Harley-Davidson engines to be

Lion (Australasian company)

Beer Cup). Since 2017, Malt Shovel also brews the originally New Zealand Panhead range of beers. Other Australian beer breweries and labels owned by Lion

Harley-Davidson Shovelhead engine

Harley-Davidson from 1966 to 1984, built as a successor to the previous Panhead engine. When the engine was first produced, the Shovelhead had a shallower

Harley-Davidson engine timeline

Sizes: Flathead 45ci (737cc) Knucklehead 60ci (983cc) & 74ci (1212cc) Panhead 60ci (983cc) & 74ci (1212cc) Shovelhead 74ci (1212cc) & 80ci (1310cc) Evolution

Harley-Davidson Knucklehead engine

model. The engine was manufactured until 1947 and was replaced by the Panhead engine in 1948. The Knucklehead-engined models were originally referred

Suicide clutch

employ this system. Harley-Davidson introduced the hand clutch on the 1952 Panhead. More technically, "suicide clutch" can refer to clutch controls lacking

Indian Larry

methods and didn't use CNC machines. He favored Paughco rigid frames and panhead motors. Larry liked being able to see all of the nuts and bolts and mechanics

Sons of Anarchy

refurbishes and rides his father's 1946 Harley-Davidson Customized EL Panhead. Some members have day jobs in local industries; most work at the Teller-Morrow