Lockheed A-12 adalah pesawat pengintai yang dibangun untuk Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) oleh Lockheed Skunk Works, berdasarkan desain dari Clarence "Kelly" Johnson . A-12 diproduksi 1962-1964, dan telah beroperasi sejak 1963 hingga 1968. Desain kursi tunggal, yang pertama terbang pada bulan April 1962, adalah pelopor kedua kursi kembar Angkatan Udara AS YF-12 prototipe pencegat dan pesawat pengintai terkenal SR-71 Blackbird. Misi final pesawat diterbangkan pada Mei 1968, dan program dan pesawat pensiun pada bulan Juni tahun itu. Resmi rahasia selama lebih dari 40 tahun, program A-12 mulai diklasifikasikan oleh CIA pada tahun 2007.
Referensi
sunting- Donald, David, ed. "Lockheed's Blackbirds: A-12, YF-12 and SR-71". Black Jets. Norwalk, Connecticut: AIRtime, 2003. ISBN 1-880588-67-6.
- Jacobsen, Annie. Area 51. London: Orion Publishing, 2011. ISBN 978-1-4091-4113-6.
- Jenkins, Dennis R. Lockheed Secret Projects: Inside the Skunk Works. St. Paul, Minnesota: MBI Publishing Company, 2001. ISBN 978-0-7603-0914-8.
- Landis, Tony R. and Dennis R. Jenkins. Lockheed Blackbirds. Minneapolis, Minnesota: Specialty Press, revised edition, 2005. ISBN 1-58007-086-8.
- McIninch, Thomas. "The Oxcart Story." Diarsipkan 2013-10-04 di Wayback Machine. Center for the Study of Intelligence, Central Intelligence Agency, 2 July 1996. Retrieved: 10 April 2009.
- Pace, Steve. Lockheed SR-71 Blackbird. Swindon, UK: The Crowood Press, 2004. ISBN 1-86126-697-9.
- Robarge, David. Archangel: CIA's Supersonic A-12 Reconnaissance Aircraft. Washington, D.C.: Central Intelligence Agency, 2008. ISBN 1-929667-16-7.
Sumber tambahan
sunting- Graham, Richard H. SR-71 Revealed: The Inside Story. St. Paul, Minnesota: MBI Publishing Company, 1996. ISBN 978-0-7603-0122-7.
- Johnson, C.L. Kelly: More Than My Share of it All. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Books, 1985. ISBN 0-87474-491-1.
- Lovick, Edward, Jr. Radar Man: A Personal History of Stealth. Bloomington, Indiana: iUniverse, 2010. ISBN 978-1-4502-4802-0.
- Merlin, Peter W. From Archangel to Senior Crown: Design and Development of the Blackbird (Library of Flight Series). Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA), 2008. ISBN 978-1-56347-933-5.
- Pedlow, Gregory W. and Donald E. Welzenbach. The Central Intelligence Agency and Overhead Reconnaissance: The U-2 and OXCART Programs, 1954–1974. Washington, D.C.: Central Intelligence Agency, 1992. ISBN 0-7881-8326-5.
- Rich, Ben R. and Leo Janos. Skunk Works: A Personal Memoir of My years at Lockheed. New York: Little, Brown and Company, 1994. ISBN 0-316-7433.
- Shul, Brian and Sheila Kathleen O'Grady. Sled Driver: Flying the World's Fastest Jet. Marysville, California: Gallery One, 1994. ISBN 0-929823-08-7.
- Suhler, Paul A. From RAINBOW to GUSTO: Stealth and the Design of the Lockheed Blackbird (Library of Flight Series). Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA), 2009. ISBN 978-1-60086-712-5.
Pranala luar
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Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai Lockheed A-12.
- Archangel: CIA's Supersonic A-12 Reconnaissance Aircraft by David Robarge. (Cia.gov) Diarsipkan 2013-02-20 di Wayback Machine.
- FOIA documents on OXCART (Declassified 21 January 2008) Diarsipkan 2008-02-05 di Wayback Machine.
- "Sheep Dipping" Conversion of Air Force Officers to CIA For Project Oxcart Diarsipkan 2013-01-24 di Wayback Machine.
- A-12 page on RoadRunners Internationale site
- A-12T Exhibit at California Science Center Diarsipkan 2013-03-02 di Wayback Machine.
- Differences between the A-12 and SR-71
- Blackbird Spotting maps the location of every existing Blackbird, with aerial photos from Google Maps Diarsipkan 2013-01-21 di Wayback Machine.
- Photographs and disposition of the "Habu" aircraft at habu.org
- The U-2's Intended Successor: Project Oxcart (Chapter 6 of "The CIA and Overhead Reconnaissance", by Pedlow & Welzenbach)
- USAF Aircraft Serial Numbers for 1960, including all A-12s, YF-12As and M-21s Diarsipkan 2006-12-19 di Wayback Machine.
- "The Real X-Jet", Air & Space magazine, March 1999
- Secret A-12 Spy Plane Officially Unveiled at CIA's Headquarters
- Project Oxcart: CIA Report Diarsipkan 2013-10-04 di Wayback Machine.
