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This shows the typical layout of a simple computer's program memory with the text, various data, and stack and heap sections.

In computing, a code segment, also known as a text segment or simply as text, is a portion of an object file or the corresponding section of the program's virtual address space that contains executable instructions.[1]

Segment

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The term "segment" comes from the memory segment, which is a historical approach to memory management that has been succeeded by paging. When a program is stored in an object file, the code segment is a part of this file; when the loader places a program into memory so that it may be executed, various memory regions are allocated (in particular, as pages), corresponding to both the segments in the object files and to segments only needed at run time. For example, the code segment of an object file is loaded into a corresponding code segment in memory.

The code segment in memory is typically read-only and has a fixed size, so on embedded systems it can usually be placed in read-only memory (ROM), without the need for loading. If the code segment is not read-only, then the particular architecture allows self-modifying code. Fixed-position or position-independent code may be shared in memory by several processes in segmented or paged memory systems.[1][2] As a memory region, the code segment may be placed below the heap or stack in order to prevent heap and stack overflows from overwriting it.[3]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b Jason W. Bacon (2012-03-13). "Chapter 10. Subprogram Calls and the Stack". cs.uwm.edu. Section 10.4. Memory Segments. Archived from the original on 2014-05-02. Retrieved 2014-05-02.
  2. ^ Kai Wang (2012-09-20). "Code Segment and Data Segment: Memory Layout of a Program". beingdeveloper.com. Archived from the original on 2014-05-02. Retrieved 2014-05-02.
  3. ^ Yu-An Tan; Ji-yan Zheng; Yuan-Da Cao; Xue-lan Zhang (October 2005). Buffer overflow protection based on adjusting code segment limit. IEEE International Symposium on Communications and Information Technology. IEEE. doi:10.1109/ISCIT.2005.1567023.

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Data segment

family of CPUs provided four segments: the code segment, the data segment, the stack segment and the extra segment. Each segment was placed at a specific

X86 memory segmentation

16-bit segment registers to derive the actual memory address. In real mode, the registers CS, DS, SS, and ES point to the currently used program code segment

Position-independent code

has a code segment and a linkage segment. The code segment contains only code and the linkage section serves as a template for a new linkage segment. Pointer

Segment

into segments Segment descriptor Data segment Code segment Image segmentation, the process of partitioning a digital image into multiple segments Time-series

Memory segmentation

alone. Segments may be created for program modules, or for classes of memory usage such as code segments and data segments. Certain segments may be shared

Shared memory

In computer science, shared memory is memory that may be simultaneously accessed by multiple programs with an intent to provide communication among them

Relocation (computing)

typically segmented into various memory segments or section types. Example segment types include code segment (.text), initialized data segment (.data)

.bss

programmers should not depend on that. Linker (computing) Data segment (.data) Code segment (.text) Uninitialized variable McKusick, Marshall Kirk; Karels