📑 Table of Contents▼

Timothy Shallice (born 1940) is a professor of neuropsychology and the founding director[1] of the Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, part of University College London. He has been a professor at Cognitive Neuroscience Sector of the International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA) in Trieste, Italy since 1994 but is now retired.[2]

Shallice has been influential in laying the foundations for the discipline of cognitive neuropsychology, by formalising many of its methods and assumptions in his 1988 book From Neuropsychology to Mental Structure. He has also worked on many core problems in cognitive psychology and neuropsychology, including executive function, language and memory. Together with psychologist Don Norman, Shallice proposed a framework of attentional control of executive functioning. One of the components of the Norman-Shallice model is the supervisory attentional system.[3][4] The model is viewed as a possible realization of Alexander Luria's theory in information-processing terms.[5]

Together with John Fox, Shallice was also awarded a grant on cognitive modelling by the United Kingdom's Joint Council Initiative in Cognitive Science and Human-Computer Interaction.[6] The project developed an existing specification language for cognitive modelling and resulted to a prototype COGENT system.[6]

Shallice also co-authored a study on the relationship of prospective and retrospective memory using neuropsychological evidence with Paul W. Burgess.[7] Shallice contributed in the development of neuropsychological tests including the Hayling and Brixton tests and the Behavioural Assessment of the Dysexecutive Syndrome (BADS).[8]

He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1996.[9]

Publications

edit

Books

edit
  • Shallice, Tim (1988). From Neuropsychology to Mental Structure. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-52-130874-8. (also available in paperback and Adobe eBook)
  • Shallice, Tim; Cooper, Rick (2011). The Organisation of Mind. Vol. 48. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 1366–70. doi:10.1016/j.cortex.2011.07.004. ISBN 978-0-19-957924-2. PMID 23040241. S2CID 5559324. {{cite book}}: |journal= ignored (help)

References

edit
  1. ^ UCL (8 January 2018). "ICN History". Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience. Retrieved 4 August 2021.
  2. ^ "Vision and Research | Cognitive Neuroscience". phdcns.sissa.it. Retrieved 27 March 2024.
  3. ^ Friedenberg, Jay; Gordon Silverman (2010). Cognitive Science: An Introduction of the Study of Mind. United States of America: SAGE Publications. pp. 180–182. ISBN 978-1-4129-7761-6.
  4. ^ Chan, Raymond C. K.; Shum, David; Toulopoulou, Timothea; Chen, Eric Y. H. (1 March 2008). "Assessment of executive functions: Review of instruments and identification of critical issues". Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology. 23 (2): 201–216. doi:10.1016/j.acn.2007.08.010. PMID 18096360.
  5. ^ Levin, Harvey; Eisenberg, Howard; Benton, Arthur (1991). Frontal Lobe Function and Dysfunction. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 125. ISBN 0195062841.
  6. ^ a b Cooper, Richard (2011). Modelling High-level Cognitive Processes. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc., Publishers. pp. xiii. ISBN 978-0805838831.
  7. ^ Conway, Martin A. (1997). Cognitive Models of Memory. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. ISBN 0262032457.
  8. ^ "Behavioural Assessment of the Dysexecutive Syndrome (BADS) - Pearson Assessment". www.pearsonclinical.co.uk. Retrieved 14 October 2017.
  9. ^ "Fellows". Royal Society. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
edit

📚 Artikel Terkait di Wikipedia

Executive functions

reproduction of learned schemas or set behaviors. Psychologists Don Norman and Tim Shallice have outlined five types of situations in which routine activation of

Tower of London test

known as the Tower of Hanoi. The test was developed by the psychologist Tim Shallice. The test consists of two boards with pegs and several beads with different

Utilization behavior

as patients with damage to both areas did not demonstrate UB or IB. Tim Shallice believed that Lhermitte's experiments led the patients to perform the

Supervisory attentional system

cognitive apparatus that controls and manages cognitive processes. Norman and Shallice (1980) proposed a model on executive functioning of attentional control

Planning

disk. Tower of London is another test that was developed in 1992 by Tim Shallice specifically to detect deficits in planning as may occur with damage

Conduction aphasia

addition to classical white-matter disconnection hypotheses. In 1970, Tim Shallice and Elizabeth Warrington were able to differentiate two variants of this

Don Norman

psychologist Tim Shallice, Norman proposed a framework of attentional control of executive functioning.[when?] One of the components of the Norman-Shallice model

Working memory

Prefrontal cortex basal ganglia working memory (PBWM) Cognitive architecture Tim Shallice Working memory (autism) Miyake A, Shah P (1999). Models of working memory: