In United States telecommunication law, the Modification of Final Judgment (MFJ) is the August 24, 1982 consent decree concerning the antitrust lawsuit of January 14, 1949, United States vs. Western Electric Company and American Telephone and Telegraph Company and its Final Judgment on January 24, 1956, the latter of which it vacated.[1] The decree was made with Harold H. Greene as presiding judge in the United States District Court for the District of Columbia.[2]

The terms required the breakup of the Bell System and a reorganization of the American Telephone and Telegraph Company (AT&T), including removing local telephone service from AT&T control and placing business restrictions on the divested regional telephone companies in exchange for removing other longstanding restrictions on the types of business AT&T could enter.[3]: 125 [4][2]: 143 (also footnote 4) 

The MFJ also consolidated the case United States v. AT&T filed on November 20, 1974.

References

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  1. ^ "Civil Action No. 82-0192 Modification of Final Judgment" (PDF). United States District Court for the District of Columbia. August 24, 1982. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 30, 2006. Retrieved March 14, 2025.
  2. ^ a b "United States v. American Tel. and Tel. Co., 552 F. Supp. 131 (D.D.C. 1983)". Retrieved January 29, 2019. Full opinion accompanying the Modification of Final Judgment.
  3. ^ Noll, A. Michael (2010). Highway of Dreams: A Critical View Along the Information Superhighway (digital printing ed.). New York City: Routledge. ISBN 9781136685033. LCCN 96041620.
  4. ^ Sullivan, Lawrence A.; Hertz, Ellen (September 1990). "The AT&T Antitrust Consent Decree: Should Congress Change the Rules". Berkeley Technology Law Journal. 5 (2). University of California, Berkeley, School of Law: 236. doi:10.15779/Z38JH3G. ISSN 1086-3818.

Public Domain This article incorporates public domain material from Federal Standard 1037C. General Services Administration. Archived from the original on January 22, 2022.

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Regional Bell Operating Company

AT&T (United States v. AT&T). The suits were settled in the Modification of Final Judgment in August 1982. AT&T agreed to divest its local exchange service

Nevada Bell

Bell was not listed in Judge Harold H. Greene's Modification of Final Judgment starting the breakup of the Bell System. Nevada Bell traces its history

United States v. AT&T (1982)

decree between the company and the Department of Justice, was called the Modification of Final Judgment and was signed off by AT&T Chief Executive Officer

United States v. Live Nation Entertainment

Entertainment, LLC is an antitrust lawsuit brought by the U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ), forty U.S. states and Washington, D.C., against entertainment

Local Access and Transport Area

area of the United States under the terms of the Modification of Final Judgment (MFJ) entered by the United States District Court for the District of Columbia

Iconectiv

as Central Services Organization as part of the 1982 Modification of Final Judgment that broke up the Bell System. It later received the name Bell Communications

Successors of Standard Oil

ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved October 12, 2022. "Final Judgment: U.S. v. Standard Oil Company of New Jersey, et al". US Department of Justice. September 20, 1909. Retrieved

Breakup of the Bell System

relinquish control of the local Bell Operating Companies. AT&T would continue to be a provider of long-distance service and retain control of Western Electric