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Angular angelshark
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Chondrichthyes
Subclass: Elasmobranchii
Division: Selachii
Order: Squatiniformes
Family: Squatinidae
Genus: Squatina
Species:
S. guggenheim
Binomial name
Squatina guggenheim
Marini, 1936
Range of angular angelshark (in blue)
Synonyms

Squatina punctata Marini, 1936

The angular angelshark (Squatina guggenheim) is a species of shark in the Squantinidae family. They are found in Brazil, Uruguay, and Argentina living in marine, brackish, and demersal environments at depths of 4-360 m. Their typical food sources consist of bony fish, crustaceans, and mollusks.[1]

Morphology

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Squatina guggenheim is shaped like a ray and in males, a spiny surface is located on its pectoral fins.[1] However, this spiny surface is absent in females and younglings. This spiny structure is thought to help males hold females while mating. Both males and females range from 89 to 130 cm in length. S. guggenheim have 18-22 teeth in the upper and lower jaw.

Life cycle

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Squatina guggenheim like some Chondrichthyes is ovoviviparous. The right ovary has been found to have few oocytes and is non-functional.[2] Pregnancy lasts for 9-12 months and litters typically consist of 3-9 pups. Birth takes place in shallow waters.[3]

Distribution

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Squatina guggenheim is found in the Southwestern Atlantic. They are abundant along the coast of Argentina, Uruguay and Brazil. This area is a subtropical zone and is at a latitude of 20°S - 45°S and a longitude of 68°W - 40°W.[1] Typically, S. guggenheim are found in sandy or muddy areas of the ocean floor.[3]

Conservation

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S. guggenheim is considered an endangered species by the IUCN red list due to overfishing and are more susceptible due to the fact they are bottom dwellers. In addition, it may be possible females leave their young earlier due to the stresses induced from fishing. Currently, Brazil has not taken any action in helping restore this species population.[3]

References

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  1. ^ a b c "Squatina guggenheim, Angular angel shark". FishBase. Retrieved 2022-04-12.
  2. ^ "Squatina guggenheim". Shark-References. Retrieved 2022-04-12.
  3. ^ a b c "Squatina guggenheim (Angular angel shark)". sharks, rays and chimaeras. Retrieved 2022-04-12.

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